Endogeneity in Probit Response Models
13 Pages Posted: 29 May 2008 Last revised: 4 Aug 2008
Date Written: May 29, 2008
Abstract
In this paper, we look at conventional methods for removing endogeneity bias in regression models, including the linear model and the probit model. The usual Heckman two-step procedure should not be used in the probit model: from a theoretical perspective, this procedure is unsatisfactory, and likelihood methods are superior. However, serious numerical problems occur when standard software packages try to maximize the biprobit likelihood function, even if the number of covariates is small. The log likelihood surface may be nearly flat, or may have saddle points with one small positive eigenvalue and several large negative eigenvalues. We draw conclusions for statistical practice. Finally, we describe the conditions under which parameters in the model are identifiable; these results appear to be new.
Keywords: Bivariate probit, sample selection, identification, indefinite Hessian, optimization
JEL Classification: C30, C35
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation
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