The Real Interest Rate Gap as an Inflation Indicator

Abstract

A long-standing area of research and policy interest has been the construction of a measure of monetary policy stance. One measure that has been proposed?as an alternative to indices that employ monetary aggregates or exchange rates?is the spread between the actual real interest rate and its flexible-price, or natural-rate, counterpart. We examine the properties of the natural real interest rate and 'real interest rate gap' using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model. Issues we investigate include: (1) the response of the gap and its components to fundamental economic shocks; and (2) the indicator and forecasting properties of the real interest rate gap for inflation, both in the model and in the data. Our results suggest that the real interest rate gap has value as an inflation indicator, supporting the 'neo-Wicksellian framework' advocated by Woodford (2000).

Keywords: Natural interest rate, monetary policy, inflation, output gap, real interest rate gap

JEL Classification: E31, E43, E52